Apparatus for synthesizing facsimile signals from coded signals



C. E. HUNT, JR APPARATUS FOR SYNTHESIZING FACSIMILE SIGNALS FROM CODED SIGNALS Nov. 13, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 29, 1950 ,J Jnvenfor CLAYTON E.

w .85 f Y m W Nov. 13, 1951 SIGNALS FROM CODED SIGNALS 4 SheetsSheet 2 Filed July 29, 1950 FIG. 2..

PAPER IN V AMP- 12 :uscmomsnmc DRIVER;

CLAYTON E. HUNT, JR.

NET WORK, .S/G'NA L SYN THU/Z/NG' AND 70 E NETWORK 7'0 NETM/ORK Zhwentor (Ittornegs Nov. 13,1951

SIGNALS FROM CODED SIGNALS 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July 29, 1950 Gttornegs mm n 2 x MAM: m M5 3. WJCWU T NLK WEP v J N WMC r i E R Z i N. m 4 0 MR mm m? Mam w flmwmw WMA 5M5 2 u. A 4 B :G'P m KmM F RZ E fl fw WEN THWH MQ YEA 55 3 G H 6 I I I I I I I I I I I I I "I I I "II I "I I I II :I ,II nIIInunIIIIInnnII III I nIIIIII II IIIIIIII I BCDEF H JKL NoPQR5TUvwxYz 456769o Nov. 13, 1951 Filed July 29, 1950 FIG.5.

MRMAC HARMON' CREEK RD LEROY N Y 30 mass |9|7 C. E. HUNT, JR APPARATUS FOR SYNTHESIZING FACSIMILE SIGNALS FROM CODED SIGNALS YZER,

ANALYZER, NETWORK,

SEQUENCE AND If)? C/RLU/Z'Y ANALYZER, NETWOR SYN THEJ/Z/NGU [NCE AND If}? CMG/IZT 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 DD DD DR! VERS DRIVER-S DRIVERS CLAYTON E.HUNT,JR.

- Bnnentor W Jim 4.. M M

Patented Nov. 13, 1951 UNITED STATE APPARATUS FOR SYNTHESIZING FACSIM ILE SIGNALS FROM CODED SIGNALS Clayton E. Hunt, Jr., Rochester, N. Y., assignor to Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, N. Y., Y a corporation of New Jersey Application July 29, 1950, Serial No. 176,594

This invention relates to facsimile apparatus and more particularly to a translating mechanism which generates and records facsimile signals corresponding to the characters represented by received coded signals.

tronic tubes arranged in columns and rows in such a manner that the tubes forming a pattern in the shape of the character represented by the control voltage are selectively energized. Each row of tubes is connected to individual recording means which may comprise the separate styli of a multiple styli recording unit such as is described and claimed in patent application Serial Number 174,423 filed July 18,. 1950 by Russell G. Thompson. Sequence circuit means operating in timed relation with the feeding of the recording medium functions to render the selectively energized tubes effective, column after column, to operate the related recording elements in proper sequence to build up onthe recording medium the character represented by the control voltage applied to the matrix. f

Another object of the invention is to provide a circuit arrangement which is capable of analyzing a coded signal and posting a voltage on a terminal individual to the character represented by the signal.

For printing alphabetical characters as well as digits, a six element binary code for the coded signals is preferred. These signals may originate in any manner but the invention. contemplates their derivation frompunched tabulating cards or perforated tapes.

Apparatus according to the invention will print over three hundred characters a second which is Fig. 1 shows. schematically a signal generating 6 Claims. (01. 7178-65) matrix incorporated a unit for recording from a punched card or tape Fig. 2 illustrates the unit of Fig. l with emphasis on the details of the signal analyzer; f

Fig. 3 shows a six element binary code which the units of Figs. 1, 2 and 5 are designedto handle;

Fig. 4 shows diagrammatically a simplified arrangement for recordingdigits only; and

Fig. 5 is a conventionalized showing of an embodiment of the invention adapted for printing address labels. i j

The apparatus to'be described for the purpose of disclosing the invention has been designed to record or print all characterswith a definitioniin height of seven'lines and with five-line definition in width. vMore or fewer lines may be employed as desired but its" believed that seven by five definition gives the lowest resolving power which can be tolerated when it is desired to print characters which are easily legible.

The apparatus to be described for the printing of alphabetical characters as well as digits has been designed for synthesizing facsimile signals from signals coded from six binary elements. Any other code may of course be employed as long as it meets the requirement that unique voltage pattern may bederived for each coded character signal. Card feeding mechanisms for moving cards under sensing brushes and means for advancing recording mediums past the printing styli are so well known that their description herein is unnecessary. V

For synthesizing the proper facsimile signals for reproducing a character represented by single signal, a group of duotriode tubes II) are arranged in seven columns of five rows each and are so connected that. both grids of each duotriode l0 must be. energized to obtain an output from the tube. All of the tubes ID in a row are connected with their outputs in parallel to the input of a twin triode tube ll connected as an ordinary inverter stage with its right triode cut off except when its grid is furnished a positive pulse from the output of one of the tubes ID in its row. The lefthand side of this inverter stage II is normally conducting, but is cut off byra nected to the grid of a power tube B, the outputs of these two power tubes being connected, respectively, to printing coils W" and 13" of .an

sides conducting. When one or more of the sensing brushes I1 encounters a perforation, it connects the electrode 32 to the grid of the lefthand side of its associated flip-flop tube 33 which functions to transfer current from'the left to the right side of the tube 33,thereby proof the tubes H! are cut oil by4asignalirromsensing brushes ll through a decoder. I8; the'tubes Ill which are selectively cut off being. selected by a network comprising a set of 1 connections for' each character to be reproduced of which'on'ly';

two are illustrated, viz., for the characters 2 and E. It will be noted' thatthe network for the character 2 connects the signalfrom .the decoder [8 through high resistances Hi to the three middle tubes lflin the first.column on the right, the 'upper'and lowerjtubes "winthe second column, theupperitube win the third column, the second and third'tubes ID from the ,top in the fourthicolumn,"the'next to'the'bottorn tube It! in the fifth columnfthelbottom tube ID in the sixth column'and all fivtubeslfliin-the seventh column. This cuts oif the lefthandside of these'tubes |0Tan'd'it"Wi1l"be "noted that'the tubes I'Othusjconditionedcomprise a]; pattern .forming the numeral 2fwhen"viewed from the lefthand side of the drawing. "Since'ino printin g..signalis .produced until bothsi'des o'f atube (ID are cut off, a sequence circuit is provided for -cutting off in rapid succession the righthand.

v.tubes .10. such .that .du'ringthe'time a trigger cir- .-,.,cuit.is in itslunstable.state"the'righthand side rof. all'the matrix'tubes l0..in.its associated column are cut off, with the result-that'during this :unstable stage .the tubes In .in l'the associated .;co1umn whoselefthand sides were cut ofi bythe network signal .asabove "described, willfurnish -a printing signal to .the corresponding 'styli '13 so that with'the recording medium l5'movln ,atthe proper speed the character 2'wi1l be .-.built .up..thereon from .top to bottom (see Fig.

A2). For decreasing the amount of plate cur- -'rent under D. '(lconditions, a'high resistance '21 ..by-.:passed by .a .condenser"22 may "be used to couple the power-tubes B and W'to their as- .sociated vibrator .coils2B.,andfW. .Under A.'C. ..,conditions the condenser 22 .allows "full supply voltage to beimpressed ontthe 'vibratorcoils" B :andW. I v

;A.card or tape-punched or perforatedinithe -sixeelement binary code ofFig."'3 .mayibe con- ..verted 1 into signalsffor energizing '.the,.proper ma- ..trix tubes) by .thearrangement shown in Fig. "2. .,As.here-shown,a .perforated,tape is. moved ..by suitable ,means 3| between agroup of six ."sensin brushes llan'd an .electrode 32 connected to .a highonegative ,voltage. "These six sens- ..ingbrushes H are connected .to the lefthand side .of.,in'dividua1,twin triode tubes '33 connect- 511 Six of the flip-flop tubes "33 have 'theirle'ft ducing a positive pulsefrom its right grid th1'ough"a capacitor 35"arid the right'side of its associated diode 34 to the grid of a tube 36 which thus starts to conduct, thereby generating a rnegativep'ulse on its anode which is applied ithroughza capacitor 31 to the righthand grid of: the first trigger. tube 20, thereby startin the Jsequencecircuit' to'operate through its cycle.

LA.seriesofmcharacter-selecting tubes 38, one for each character to be printed, have their agrids connected'through a high resistance 39 to one side or the other of all six flip-flop tubes 33 in such a manner thata signal must be received simultaneously from all six flip-flop tubes 33 in order to render thecharacter selecting tube 38 conducting'andthus provide a'negative potential on the anode terminal of the tube 38' due to its load resistor 40. Only-three character-selecting tubes 33 are shown in'the drawing'and the anode terminals ofthese tubesare designated by-the character the respective tubes represent, i. e., the characters "1, 2'and'E.

In the six-element binary code asshown in Fig. 3 the numeral 2 is' represented by a single perforation in the fourth positionwhichwhe'n sensed by a brush I'I, 'functions' to transfer current'from the left tothe'right'side'of the flipflop tube 33 four'th'from thele'ft which, it Will be noted is the only'fiip-flop' tube 33 having its left side connected 'to'the grid of'the tube "38 having the anode terminal 2. 'Thus the grid of this tube 38 has the potential of'its cathode and is conducting; while the'grids' of'all the other tubes 38 are connected to--at least oneflip-fi'op element which is'conductlng-and are, therefore, subjected to the morenega'tive potential of'the cathodes of the tubes ;-i3"*whi ':h biases them 1 beyond cutoff.

It is thus 'evident"'that when the brushes [1 .sense agroup of' perforationsin"the code tape 30 representing the numeral '2, the corre- -spending character selecting tube '38 conducts 'topost a negative potential onits anode'termi- 'nal"2 which in 'turn conditionscertain of the matrix tubes [0 as selectedbythe"2 network. At the same timefthetube 36 'furnishes a print "signaltothe first tube '20 ofthe sequence'circuit which operates through its cycle'to fur- 'ni'sh the electromagneticdrivers l2 successive groups of signals as determined by the conditioned tubes I0, which'signals cause the styli l3'to' mark the paper IS in the pattern of the character 2. It will be appreciated that the paper l5 upon which the record is madeis advanced under the styli [3 at aspeed such that it moves a distance equal to the desired height of a character durin "the'period'required"for the sequence -circuit to complete one cycle.

When the last tube 20 of'thesequenc'e circuit restores itself, a negative ;pulse is "furnished to the grid of "a :normally conductingtriode 4 l connected 'as a cathodefollower which cuts oiT the triode 4| andthe resultingne'gative.pulse'appearing on its cathode'is'applied"through the right side of all the duodiodes 34 to'the grids of the right sides of the tubes '33, therebyjresetting all the flip-flop tubes 33*totheir initial condition in which their left :sides"are-conducting. Any positive'signal generatedbythe breaking of the Bfy arranging a plurality scribed units in groups, any desired number of :contact between the sensin brushes Hand the electrode 32 are clipped by the left side of the corresponding-diode 34;

of the above-deparallel columns may be recorded simultaneously ona suitable sheet. With the, arrangement 1 described, thirteen parallel channels may be op- .erated byv a standard eighty position tabulating card, each channel printing up to twelve or twenty-four characters per card. If the data to units may be simplified by employing ten sensing ,b rushesil which themselves constitute the, terminals 0, I, 2, etc., connected to the appropriate networks and tothe sequence circuit, thereby 1e liiminating the need for the analyzing circuit of .I a -One arrangement for simultaneously printing three columns of digits is shown diagrammati- Each set of drivers i2 is connected to ten analyzing brushes ll through a circuit 42 whichtranslates the signal received when a brush l1 contacts the electrode 32 into facsimile signals for the digit represented by such brush H.

For printing lines rather than columns the matrix tubes H] are arranged in five columns and seven rows for operating a recorder having seven styli [3. The need for this modification is obvious from the fact that the characters to be printed are seven units of definition high and five units wide. If greater resolving power is desired, the number of units of definition may, of course, be increased.

One important application of an arrangement for printing lines lies in the field of printing address labels for the mailing of magazines or other items. Fig. is a highly conventional showing of the invention arranged for the printing of address labels from ordinary tabulating record cards 43 having perforations located in accordance with the code shown in Fig. 3 for representing the letters and digits to be printed on the address label. The perforations for each line to be printed occupy six columns and up to twenty-four index point positions. In Fig. 5 the index point positions are numbered as on a standard record card and in order to accommodate the twenty-four possible positions at present required for address labels it will be noted that the perforations occupy the spaces between the index positions as well as the positions themselves.

Referring still to Fig. 5, it will be evident that when the card 43 is advanced as indicated under the sensing brushes while a tape 44 is advanced in printing relation past the styli of the four drivers H, the intelligence represented by the perforations in the four groups of six columns each will be printed in legible form on the tape 44.

As was stated above, the apparatus of the invention is indifferent to the origin of the character-representing signals it receives and the use of sensing brushes for deriving these signals have been exclusively illustrated because of the widespread use of equipment of this type which can more readily be converted to incorporate the present invention.

The arrangement of the relay tubes ID has for convenience of description been referred to as a matrix but it will be appreciated that the term be recorded consists entirely. ofnumbers, the V .matrix relates tothe functional relationship of the tubes l0 and in nowise limits their actual spatial positions. Also, it will be obvious to thos skilled in the art that the relay function of the tubes [0 may be performed by other circuit arrangements which will furnish a printing signal only when two signals are simultaneously applied thereto.

Also, while electromagnetically-actuated styli for carbon paper recording have been described forprinting, it is to be understood that the facsimile signals synthesized in accordance with the 1 invention may be employed to actuate any of the wel known facsimile recording heads.

The modifications described for the purpose of disclosing the fundamental features of the invention are not to be taken as limiting since many changes and adaptations will be obvious to those skilled in. this art without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

tronic tubes arranged in the equivalent of the columns and rows of a matrix, a circuit network individual to each character to be represented and connected to certain of the electronic tubes and to one of the terminals so that a signal on said one of the terminals conditions said certain tubes, the outputs of the electronic tubes in each row being connected in parallel, marking means for following each of a multiplicity of collateral paths extending along a surface on which the representation is to appear, each of said marking means being individual to a corresponding row of the electronic tubes, circuit means for energizing the columns of tubes in rapid succession to cause the conditionedtubes in each column to provide an output while so energized, and means controlled by the output of each row of tubes for operating the corresponding marking means.

2. A recording system for utilizing characterrepresenting electric signals received in sequence comprising a separate terminal for each character to be recorded, a circuit responsive to the received signals for providing potentials on the terminals corresponding to the characters represented by the signals, a plurality of switching means, each requiring two simultaneously applied signals to complete a switching operation, arranged equivalent to the columns and rows of a matrix, the switching means in each row being connected in parallel between a pair of buses, means individual to and operative upon a switching operation between each pair of buses for marking each of a multiplicity of collateral paths extending along a record surface, a network individual to each terminal for applying the potential of the terminal as a signal to a predetermined combination of the switching means corresponding to the character represented by the associated terminal, and means for applying a signal in succession to each column of switching means, whereby the marking means are operated simultaneously from the rows in columnar sequence in accordance with the switching means which received a signal from the network.

3. Apparatus for recording in columnar form digital data received as an electric pulse on a 76 terminal individual to the digit represented by the electric'f:'pulse, "a "row of 'reeording"elements, em'eans for feeding a recording me'dium tran'sversely-past and' in marking relationto th'erow ofdecording elements, individual means for actu- -ating the recording:elementssingly and in combina'tions, a -plurality bf electronic "relays connected in parallel to each recording element actuating means so that operation'of any one'of said relayswill energize the recording element actuating'means' connected thereto; a circuit net- -wbrk jindiyidual to "each terminal for selectively conditionin'g said'relays 'in"accordance with the digit represented b'y'the electric pulse received on the tefrninalfand' means operative upon the ieceipt fdf an electric "pulse on any 'of'the terin'iri'alls for "selectively operating in a predeterfn liedsequence the se1ectively conditioned relays, Xi/hereby the actuating nieansfor the recording eie mnts areenergized to mark the rcording medium in the form of the'd-igit appropriate to the terminal receiving the electric pulse.

4. In apparatus for translating a series of coded character signals into a multiple series of electric signals corresponding to a parallelscan- 'ning of the coded characters'in succession, aplu- -ra1ity of relays arranged equivalent to the'col- "umns and rows of a matrix, the relays in each row being connected in parallel between a pair of buses'sothat the operation of any relays in 5 'is individua1;meansior operating the conditiofid -re1'aysin columnar' sequence, whereby a se'risof signals are furnished each pair of buses, a'nd analyzing n'ie'ans responsive to each 'coded 'sig'n'al fO'r energizing the network individual tothe 'ch'a'r- 10 acter i*epresented by the signal.

5. "-Theappaiatiis described in 'olaim 4'w1ie'r'in the means'for opera't'ing'the conditionedrelays in oliii'nnir sequence comprises 'a plurality of selfrestoring 'trigg'er circuits,- "each having a "stable 5 an'd anactive state,-'-connected in cascade 'sothat teach-trigger Circuit returns to itsst'able Sti'ife it triggers the'nezkt succeeding trigger circuit anti each trigger circuit being coupled to an individual' column of relays so that durir'lg th'e times 20 the triggr'circiiits are in their active'statesiliey furn'ish a' signal' 'to the"relays in their associated "columns. v

6; The apparatus describe'din-ela'im 5 wherein each time the analyzer means energizes a ne't- 25 work it furnishes a triggering'pulse to iiiie iirst of the cascade connected trigger circuits CI IAYTONH-UNT, JR.

' No references cited: 

